Advance in the application of recombinase polymerase amplification-lateral flow strips technology in the diagnosis of pathogenic microorganisms / 中华检验医学杂志

Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is a newly developed isothermal amplification technology with high sensitivity and specificity. The combination of RPA and lateral flow strips (LFS) enables rapid identification of target genes. This technique has been widely used in medicine, food, botany, and other fields. This review generalizes the use of RPA-LFS technology for the diagnosing pathogenic microorganisms, providing a reference for point-of-care diagnosis of pathogenic microorganisms.

Correlation between hemoglobin level and diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between hemoglobin(Hb) level and the risk of diabetic retinopathy(DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:This study was a prospective cohort study. A total of 1 730 T2DM patients without DR, who received regular management at the Li′s Clinic in Taiwan, China starting from 2002, were selected as the study population. All patients underwent annual dilated fundus examination by professional ophthalmologists. General patient information and laboratory results were collected and analyzed. Based on the occurrence of DR during patient follow-up, patients were divided into the DR group and the non-DR(NDR) group. The impact of Hb levels on DR was explored using a generalized linear mixed model, and the relationship between Hb levels and DR was studied using Cox proportional hazards regression model.Results:After an average follow-up of 9.79 years, 481 patients with DR were detected. Compared with NDR group, DR group displayed a longer course of diabetes, higher rates of cataract, insulin use, and anemia, and higher systolic blood pressure, HbA 1C, and UACR as well as lower Hb. The results of the generalized linear mixed model showed a negative correlation between Hb and the occurrence of DR( β=-0.015, P<0.001). The Cox proportional hazards regression model showed that, after adjusting for confounding variables and based on quartiles of average Hb levels during follow-up, the risk of developing DR increased by 56.9% in the Q1 group(Hb≤127 g/L) compared to the Q4 group(Hb≥142 g/L). The cumulative risk plot showed that, after adjusting for confounding variables, the Q1 group had the highest cumulative risk of developing DR, and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05). Conclusion:Hb was negatively correlated with DR, and the lower Hb levels were associated with the occurrence of DR, independent of other influencing factors.

Expression of miR-101-3p in Gastric Cancer and Its Effects on Invasion, Metastasis, and Angiogenesis of Gastric Cancer Cells by Targeting STC-1 Gene to Regulate PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway / 肿瘤防治研究

Objective To explore the expression of miR-101-3p in gastric cancer and its mechanism on the invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis of gastric cancer cells by targeting the STC-1 gene to regulate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Methods qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-101-3p and STC-1 mRNA in gastric cancer tissues and BGC-823 cell and analyze the relationship between miR-101-3p expression and patients' clinical pathological factors. The cells were transfected with miRNA mimics and plasmids separately or in combination with LipofectamineTM 2000. TargetScanHuman prediction and dual-luciferase assay were used to verify the targeted regulation of miR-101-3p on STC-1. The effect and possible mechanism of miR-101-3p targeting the STC-1 gene on the invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis of cancer cells were verified by scratch test, Transwell chamber test, Matrigel in vitro tube forming test, and Western blot assay. The development of the transplanted tumor was detected by nude mouse tumorigenicity test. Results The expression of STC-1 in gastric cancer tissues was higher than that in normal tissues. Compared with normal gastric tissues and GES-1 cells, miR-101-3p was down-regulated, and STC-1 mRNA was up-regulated in gastric cancer tissues and BGC-823 cell. The level of miR-101-3p was negatively correlated with the level of STC-1, and significantly correlated with the degree of tumor differentiation, TNM stage, and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). miR-101-3p directly targeted STC-1. The overexpression of miR-101-3p inhibited STC-1 expression and downregulated the expression of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF, and Ang2, consequently, inhibited tumor cell invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis and reduced the size and weight of the transplanted tumors (P < 0.05). Conclusion miR-101-3p is down-regulated in gastric cancer and can target the STC-1 gene to regulate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and inhibit the invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis of BGC-823 gastric cancer cells and the development of transplanted tumors in vivo.

Relapse risk analysis in anti-aquaporin 4-IgG positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders patients treated with immunosuppressant / 中华神经科杂志

Objective:To investigate the relapse risk factors of anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4)-IgG positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) patients treated with immunosuppressant.Methods:Data (from January 2011 to June 2021) of AQP4-IgG positive NMOSD patients treated with immunosuppressant for longer than 5 years from MSNMObase, a hospital-based electronic registry for multiple sclerosis and related disorders in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, were collected. Clinical features and risk factor differences between patients with and without relapse under the immunosuppressive therapy were analyzed.Results:One hundred and twelve patients with AQP4-IgG positive NMOSD were included, 105 (93.8%) of which were female. The disease onset age was (34.9±11.3) years, 13(11.6%) had an older disease onset age than 50 years (late onset), and the disease duration was 8.1 (6.6, 11.4) years. Sixty-four (57.1%) patients had relapse, and the proportion of late onset patients was significantly lower in relapse group than in non-relapse group [4/64(6.3%) vs 9/48(18.8%), χ2=4.18, P=0.041]. Compared with those without relapse, both the annualized relapse rate (ARR) before treatment [1.07 (0.36, 2.25) vs 0.34 (0, 1.11), Z=2.92, P=0.003] and the proportion of patients with relapse before treatment [54/64(84.4%) vs 33/48(68.8%), χ2=3.86, P=0.049] were significantly higher for patients in relapse group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed the relapse risk of late-onset patients was lower than that of early-onset patients ( HR=0.26, 95% CI 0.10-0.73, P=0.010) and patients with higher ARR before treatment showed a higher risk of relapse under the immunosuppressive therapy ( HR=1.55,95% CI 1.26-1.91, P<0.001). Conclusion:AQP4-IgG positive NMOSD patients with younger disease onset age than 50 years or with frequent relapses before treatment had a higher relapse risk under the immunosuppressive therapy, and they may need highly effective treatments.

Evaluation of 3D printing technology before transcatheter aortic valve replacement surgery / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Aortic valve disease is one of the major diseases threatening human health. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a new treatment for aortic disease. Preoperative evaluation is of great significance to the successful operation and the long-term quality of life of patients. The 3D printing technology can fully simulate the cardiac anatomy of patients, create personalized molds for patients, improve surgical efficiency, reduce surgical time and surgical trauma, and thus achieve better surgical results. In this review, the relevant literatures were searched, and the evaluation effect of 3D printing technology on the operation of TAVR was reviewed, so as to provide clinical reference.

Short-term effects of extended adventitial inversion with graft eversion anastomosis technique in the root treatment of acute type A aortic dissection / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To evaluate the short-term therapeutic effect of extended adventitial inversion with graft eversion anastomosis technique in the root treatment of acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). Methods    From November 2019 to July 2020, 28 patients with ATAAD were treated by extended adventitial inversion with graft eversion anastomosis technique in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, including 19 males and 9 females, aged 60.11±11.11 years. The intima of the ascending aorta was trimed to 5 mm above the sinotubular junction. The adventitia of the ascending aorta was longitudinally cut to the reserved intima margin along the junction of the three aortic valves. The extended adventitial inversion was sutured continuously, no coronary sinus was sutured over the aortic annulus, and the left and right coronary sinus was sutured above the coronary ostium. The anastomotic graft was everted and inserted into the aortic lumen, and the everted graft was continuously sutured at the level of sinotubular junction which was 5 mm away from the edge of graft. Results    There was no intraoperative death, intractable root hemorrhage, residual root false lumen, root dilatation, anastomotic hematoma or other complications. There was no recurrence of the pain in the back of all patients, and the results of the CT angiography were not significantly changed. In 22 patients with no regurgitation, only 1 (4.55%) patient had a mild regurgitation. In 6 patients with mild aortic regurgitation, the disappearance rate of regurgitation was 50.0% (3/6). Conclusion    The treatment of extended adventitial inversion with graft eversion anastomosis technique in the root treatment of aortic dissection eliminates the residual dissection at the root. The anastomotic hemorrhage is prevented, the root structure of aortic dissection is reconstructed and strengthened, the root function is restored, and the possible expansion of the root is prevented. The short-term results are satisfactory.

Establishment of real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR for detection of torque teno virus types 7, 8 and 10 / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To establish a real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR for the detection of torque teno virus types 7 (TTV7), 8 (TTV8) and 10 (TTV10) and analyze its performance in clinical sample detection.Methods:Specific primers were designed based on the gene sequences of TTV7, TTV8 and TTV10 in GenBank. Recombinant plasmids of pMD19-T-TTV7, pMD19-T-TTV8 and pMD19-T-TTV10 were constructed and used as positive standard control to establish a real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR based on FAM-Eclipse probe method. The specificity and sensitivity of the established method were evaluated. Moreover, it was validated in terms of clinical sample detection.Results:The standard curve equations of the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR for detecting TTV7, TTV8 and TTV10 were y=-0.340 2 x+ 114.780 0 ( R2=0.998 8), y=-0.351 1 x+ 114.940 0 ( R2=0.995 3) and y=-0.348 9 x+ 115.020 0 ( R2=0.991 7), respectively, and there was no cross-reaction with other viruses. The detection sensitivity of the established method for TTV7, TTV8 and TTV10 were 108 copies/μl, 84 copies/μl and 98 copies/μl, and the positive detection rates in clinical pediatric serum samples were 10.9%, 2.1% and 4.3%, respectively. Conclusions:The established real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR for detection of TTV7, TTV8 and TTV10 was featured by strong specificity and high sensitivity, which could be used for rapid TTV detection in clinical serum samples.

The correlation analysis between depression status and progression of knee osteoarthritis / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To investigate whether knee osteoarthritis has an impact on the patient′s depression and whether it′s progression will affect the patient′s depression, and to provide a reference for clinical work.Methods:Patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis in Dalian Central Hospital from 2016 to 2019 were divided into 4 groups according to Kellgren-Lawrence staging, and the patients were scored on WOMAC scale, AKSS clinical scale, and AKSS. The score of the scale and the score of the HAMD scale were collected and statistically analyzed using SPSS 17.0.Results:χ2 test was used to show that there was no difference in the gender composition of patients in different stages ( P<0.05). The AKSS clinical scale score, AKSS functional scale score, WOMAC scale score and HAMD scale score were statistically analyzed for each stage. The results showed that the average AKSS clinical scores of patients in each stage were as follows: stage Ⅰ: (90.01 ± 8.41) points; stage Ⅱ: (79.98 ± 10.93) points; stage Ⅲ: (71.78 ± 13.64) points; stage Ⅳ: (54.18 ± 12.58) points. The AKSS functional scores were as follows, stage Ⅰ: 100 points; stage Ⅱ: 80 points; stage Ⅲ: 70 points; stage Ⅳ: 45 points; the average WOMAC scale scores of patients in each stage were as follows, stage Ⅰ: (28.69 ± 19.22) points ; stage Ⅱ: (49.43 ± 22.69) points; stage Ⅲ (70.13 ± 24.84) points; stage Ⅳ: (107.79 ± 24.39) points. The average HAMD scale scores of patients in each stage were as follows, stage Ⅰ: (4.89 ± 3.42) points; stage Ⅱ: (7.65 ± 4.20) points; Stage Ⅲ: (9.05 ± 5.03) points; stage Ⅳ: (12.35 ± 5.41) points. The analysis showed that there were significant statistical differences in the scale scores between each period ( P<0.05). There was a correlation between the patient′s depression status and the patient′s age, pain, and joint function, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). Conclusions:There is a significant correlation between depression and pain and function in patients with knee osteoarthritis. The progress of the osteoarthritis course will aggravate the patient′s depression state. Conversely, the patient′s depression state can also aggravate the symptoms of osteoarthritis patients and affect the clinical efficacy of the patients.

Chlorophyll content for millet leaf using hyperspectral imaging and an attention-convolutional neural network / Estimativa do teor de clorofila para folhas de milheto usando imagens hiperespectrais e uma rede neural atenção-convolucional

ABSTRACT: Chlorophyll is a major factor affecting photosynthesis; and consequently, crop growth and yield. In this study, we devised a chlorophyll-content detection model for millet leaves in different stages of growth based on hyperspectral data. The hyperspectral images of millet leaves were obtained under a wavelength range of 380-1000 nm using a hyperspectral imager. Threshold segmentation was performed with near-infrared (NIR) reflectance and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to intelligently acquire the regions of interest (ROI). Furthermore, raw spectral data were preprocessed using multivariate scatter correction (MSC). A correlation coefficient-successive projections algorithm (CC-SPA) was used to extract the characteristic wavelengths, and the characteristic parameters were extracted based on the spectral and image information. A partial least squares regression (PLSR) prediction model was established based on the single characteristic parameter and multi-characteristic parameter fusion. The determination coefficient (Rv 2) and the root-mean-square error (RMSEv) of the validation set for the multi-characteristic parameter fusion model were reported to be 0.813 and 1.766, respectively, which are higher than those obtained by the single characteristic parameter model. Based on the multi-characteristic parameter fusion, an attention-convolutional neural network (attention-CNN) (Rv 2 = 0.839, RMSEv = 1.451, RPD = 2.355) was established, which is more effective than the PLSR (Rv 2 = 0.813, RMSEv = 1.766, RPD = 2.167) and least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) models (Rv 2 = 0.806, RMSEv = 1.576, RPD = 2.061). These results indicated that the combination of hyperspectral imaging and attention-CNN is beneficial to the application of nutrient element monitoring of crops.

RESUMO: A clorofila é um fator importante que afeta a fotossíntese e, consequentemente, o crescimento e o rendimento das culturas. Neste estudo, um modelo de detecção de conteúdo de clorofila é construído para folhas de milheto em diferentes estágios de crescimento, com base em dados hiperespectrais. As imagens hiperespectrais dos diferentes estágios de crescimento das folhas de milheto foram obtidas para 380-1000 nm, utilizando um gerador de imagens hiperespectrais. Uma segmentação de limiar foi realizada com refletância no infravermelho próximo (NIR) e índice de vegetação com diferença normalizada (NDVI) para adquirir de forma inteligente as regiões de interesse (ROI). Além disso, os dados espectrais brutos foram pré-processados usando o método de correção de dispersão multivariada (MSC). Um algoritmo de projeção de coeficiente de correlação sucessivo (CC-SPA) foi utilizado para extrair os comprimentos de onda característicos, e os parâmetros característicos foram extraídos com base nas informações espectrais e de imagem. O modelo de previsão de regressão parcial dos mínimos quadrados (PLSR) foi estabelecido com base nos parâmetros de característica única e na fusão de parâmetros de característica múltipla. O coeficiente de determinação (Rv2) e o erro quadrático médio da raiz (RMSEv) do conjunto de validação para o modelo de fusão de parâmetros com várias características foram obtidos como 0,813 e 1,766, sendo melhores do que os do modelo de parâmetro de característica única. Com base na fusão de parâmetros com várias características, foi estabelecida uma rede neural atenção-convolucional (atenção-CNN) (Rv2 = 0,839, RMSEv = 1,451, RPD = 2,355) mais eficaz que o PLSR (Rv2 = 0,813, RMSEv = 1,766, RPD = 2,167) e mínimos quadrados que suportam modelos de máquina de vetores (LS-SVM) (Rv2 = 0,806, RMSEv = 1,576, RPD = 2,061). Estes resultados indicam que o modelo atenção-CNN atinge uma previsão efetiva do teor de clorofila nas folhas de milheto usando os dados hiperespectrais. Além disso, esta pesquisa demonstra que a combinação de imagens hiperespectrais e a atenção-CNN se mostra benéfica para a aplicação do monitoramento dos elementos nutricionais das culturas.

Effects of T-2 toxin on expression of hepatocyte growth factor and its receptor in articular cartilage and epiphyseal cartilage of rats under selenium deficiency / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To observe the effects of T-2 toxin on expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and HGF receptor (C-Met) in articular cartilage and epiphyseal cartilage of rats under low selenium condition.Methods:Twenty-four healthy male SD rats weighted 60-80 g were randomly divided into conventional diet group (selenium content of 101.5 μg/kg) and low-selenium diet group (selenium content of 1.1 μg/kg), with 12 rats in each group. After 30 days of feeding, the conventional diet group was further divided into conventional group and T-2 toxin group (100 μg·kg -1·d -1), and the low-selenium diet group was further divided into low-selenium group and low-selenium+T-2 toxin group (100 μg·kg -1·d -1), with 6 rats in each group. After 30 days of feeding, the rats were sacrificed and the cartilage of knee joint was taken, the morphological changes of knee articular cartilage and epiphyseal cartilage were observed by HE staining under light microscope. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of HGF and C-Met in knee articular cartilage and epiphyseal cartilage, and positive expression rates of HGF and C-Met were calculated. Results:Under light microscope, chondrocytes of articular cartilage and epiphyseal cartilage in low-selenium+T-2 toxin group were sparse, and the necrosis and structural area were found in the deep layer, and the extracellular matrix of chondrocytes in the region was degraded and light stained, and proliferating granulation tissue was visible nearby. The positive expression rates of HGF in articular cartilage [(21.97 ± 6.90)%, (49.41 ± 8.24)%, (76.39 ± 5.88)%] and epiphyseal cartilage [(23.36 ± 12.49)%, (58.43 ± 14.48)%, (66.59 ± 10.83)%] of rats in low-selenium, T-2 toxin and low-selenium+T-2 toxin groups were higher than those in conventional group [(9.13 ± 6.01)%, (11.14 ± 4.67)%, P < 0.05]. The positive expression rates of C-Met in articular cartilage [(25.34 ± 7.53)%, (58.21 ± 12.54)%, (81.46 ± 7.89)%] and epiphyseal cartilage [(35.21 ± 4.71)%, (40.84 ± 2.03)%, (49.41 ± 6.29)%] of rats in low-selenium, T-2 toxin and low-selenium+T-2 toxin groups were higher than those in conventional group [(11.21 ± 5.11)%, (12.12 ± 4.71)%, P < 0.05]. Conclusion:T-2 toxin may affect the expression of HGF and C-Met in articular cartilage and epiphyseal cartilage of rats under low selenium condition.

Novel coronavirus disease with conjunctivitis and conjunctivitis as first symptom: Two cases report / 中华实验眼科杂志

As the frontline health care workers at the center of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, we have encountered many asymptomatic COVID-19 patients or patients with mild symptoms since December 2019.A number of COVID-19 cases with conjunctivitis or conjunctivitis as the first symptom have been observed in our clinical work.This paper reports the diagnosis and treatment of one COVID-19 patient with conjunctivitis as the first symptom and one COVID-19 patient with conjunctivitis.In case one conjunctivitis occurred at the third day after patient came in close contact with determined COVID-19 patient and visited an eye doctor, and the symptom of conjunctivitis following the topical administration of anti-viral eyedrops for 1 week, followed by COVID-19.Her 2019-nCoV RNA detection of nasopharynx swab was positive but that of conjunctival sac swab was a negative result.Case two had a positive epidemiological history and simultaneous onset of COVID-19 and conjunctivitis.She presented positive results of 2019-nCoV RNA detection in both nasopharynx and conjunctival sac swabs, and other lab results supported the diagnosis of COVID-19 but she had a normal CT findings of the chest.The ocular symptoms were disappeared after topical administration of anti-viral eyedrops for 1 week.

Predictive value of myocardial perfusion in the prognosis after coronary artery bypass grafting / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To evaluate the value of myocardial perfusion change before and after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in predicting postoperative major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Methods    A total of 70 CABG patients who received CABG completed by the same operator from January to November 2017 were selected, including 45 males and 25 females with an average age of 64.83±9.09 years. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether the patients had MACE after 1 year of the surgery, including a non-MACE group (group A, n=60) and a MACE group (group B, n=10). The clinical data of patients were compared. Results    There were statistical difference in the myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) score in the group A before and after surgery (P<0.05), and there were statistically significant differences in the left ventricular size and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) value before and 1 year after surgery (P<0.001), but no statistically significant difference in the size of left atrium (P=0.075). There was no significant difference in the preoperative and postoperative MCE score, and preoperative and postoperative 1-year cardiac ultrasound score in the group B (P>0.05). Conclusion    The change of myocardial perfusion after CABG surgery is associated with postoperative MACE. The evaluation of myocardial perfusion before and after CABG surgery is of great significance for the prognosis evaluation of patients.

Novel coronavirus disease with conjunctivitis and conjunctivitis as first symptom: Two cases report / 中华实验眼科杂志

As the frontline health care workers at the center of the novel coronavirus disease (COVIN-19) outbreak, we have found many asymptomatic COVIN-19 patients or patients with mild symptoms since December 2019. A number of COVIN-19 cases with conjunctivitis or conjunctivitis as the first symptom have been observed in our clinical work. This paper reports the diagnosis and treatment of one COVIN-19 patient with conjunctivitis as the first symptom and one COVIN-19 patient with conjunctivitis. Case one occurred conjunctivitis at the third day after closely contacted with determined COVID-19 patient and visited to eye doctor, and the symptom of conjunctivitis following the topical administration of anti-virual eyedrops for 1 week, followed by COVID-19. Her 2019-nCoV RNA detection of nasopharynx swab was positive but that of conjunctival sac swab was a negative result. Case two had a positive epidemiological history and simultaneous onset of COVID-19 and conjunctivitis.She presented positive results of 2019-nCoV RNA detection in both nasopharynx and conjunctival sac swabs, and other lab results supported the diagnosis of COVID-19 but she had a normal CT findings of the chest. The ocular symptoms were disappeared after topical administration of anti-virual eyedrops for 1 week.

Multiple serotypes of Rhinovirus infection occurred in inpatients of an emergency department, Bengbu, Anhui province, in winter of 2018 / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the incidence of human rhinovirus (HRV) infection in hospitalized patients in emergency department.@*Methods@#A total of 94 emergency patients admitted to the emergency department from November to December of 2018 were enrolled in this study. The rhinovirus infection and related risk factors were analyzed.@*Results@#HRV infection occurred in 17 out of 94 hospitalized patients in emergency department, the infection rate was 18.09%; Multiple HRV serotypes were prevalent from November to December of 2018, which were A9, A10, A16, A31, A73, B42 and C3. Elderly patients are at high risk of rhinovirus infection; Rhinovirus infection may increase the course of inpatients.@*Conclusions@#From November to December of 2018, multiple serotypes of HRV infections in the emergency department of Bengbu, Anhui, and HRV easily infected elderly inpatients.

Isolation and identification of Rhinovirus from throat swab samples of patients with acute respiratory infection in Bengbu, Anhui province / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#To isolate and identify human rhinovirus (HRV) from throat swab samples from patients with acute respiratory infection in Anhui Bengbu.@*Methods@#The throat swab specimens from 108 patients with acute upper respiratory tract infection diagnosed in the Anhui Bengbu were selected as samples. RNA was extracted and detected by HRV universal primers; H1-Hela cells were infected with the positive samples for virus isolation, and HRV VP1 gene amplification was performed and gene phylogenetic tree analysis of the successfully isolated HRV strains was done.@*Results@#Only 5 samples were positive for HRV by the real-time PCR, and only one sample showed significant cytopathic effects after three passages of H1-Hela cells were infected, and the HRV VP1 gene was amplified by RT-PCR in the sample that was named TYZQ201901. The sequence analysis showed that the VP1 nucleotide homology of the strain with other representative HRV A strains was over 95%. The gene phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the strain had the closest genetic distance to the RMH127/2013 strain, and both were on a branch and was confirmed to be HRV type A virus.@*Conclusions@#An HRV type A strain virus was isolated from throat swab samples from patients with acute respiratory infection in Anhui Province by the H1-Hela cells, and the HRV virus separation technology system were initially established.

Investigation on sleep quality of nurses in emergency departments of tertiary hospitals and analysis of influencing factors / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To understand the status quo of sleep quality of nurses in emergency department and explore its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for relevant departments to formulate corresponding policies and ensure the health of nurses.@*Methods@#From July to September 2018, 257 nurses in emergency department of 5 tertiary hospitals in a city were investigated by cluster sampling.@*Results@#The detection rate of sleep among 257 nurses was 63.42%. Logistic regression model showed that having children or not (OR=1.063) , self-rated health (OR=1.639) , stress (OR=1.728) and coping style (OR=1.055) were independent influencing factors of sleep quality of nurses in emergency department.@*Conclusion@#Sleep problems are common among nurses in emergency department. It is helpful to improve sleep quality to ensure physical and mental health, actively cope with work and family stress.

Changes of endogenous small interfering RNA in H1-HeLa cells induced by human rhinovirus 16 infection / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#To observe the changes of endogenous small interfering RNA (siRNA) in H1-Hela cells infected with human rhinovirus 16 (HRV 16).@*Methods@#To determine whether HRV16 infection induced the changes of siRNA, H1-HeLa cells were infected with HRV16 for 12 h, 24 h and 36 h, siRNAs were detected by high-throughput sequencing, second-generation sequencing) and qRT-PCR.@*Results@#The result showed that siRNA was generated differently at different time points post-infection, among which novel_sir907 and novel_sir1950 decreased at three time points. Further validation by qRT-PCR showed that novel_sir907 decreased at 12 h, 24 h and 36 h post-infection compared with the cell control, but novel_sir1950 increased at 12 h then decreased at 24 h and 36 h.@*Conclusions@#HRV16 infection induces changes endogenous siRNAs.

A preliminary study on thapsigargin promoting coxsackievirus B3 replication through activating transcription factor 6 pathway / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effect of thapsigargin (TG) which can induce endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) on the replication of coxsackievirus B 3 (CV-B3).@*Methods@#After 10 MOI CV-B3 infected HeLa cells were exposed 0.25 μmol/L TG for 3 h, 6 h and 9 h, virus RNA of HeLa cells were extracted and viral replication was evaluated by real time PCR. After 0.25 μmol/L、0.08 μmol/L and 0.025 μmol/L TG exposed, the plaque of CV-B3 was used to confirm further replication of CV-B3. To verify TG induced ERS through three signal pathway, one of among PERK, ATF6 and IRE1 inhibitors GSK2656157, AEBSF and STF-083010, and 0.25 μmol/L TG were used in HeLa cells infected with 10 MOI CV-B3, replication of CV-B3 was evaluated by qRT-PCR.@*Results@#The stimulation of TG did not induce increase of virus replication after post-infection 3 h. However, TG induced replication of virus to increase 2.5 times after post-infection 6 h and 158.6 times after post-infection 9 h. And, the area of viral plaque was significantly increased. ATF6 inhibitors AEBSF significantly inhibited promotion of virus replication from TG.@*Conclusions@#TG can promote the replication of CV-B3 through ATF6 signal pathway.

Distribution of serum creatinine and establishment of reference interval in healthy adults of Lianyungang, Jiangsu province / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To preliminarily establish the reference interval for serum creatinine in healthy adults aged 20-79 years in city of Lianyungang.@*Methods@#A total of 34 577 cases of reference individuals were selected from physical examination population by using the principle of complete randomization, and the concentration of serum creatinine was detected by AU5821 automatic biochemical analyzer with its matching reagents.According to the standards of CLSI C28-A3 and WS/T 402-2012 " Clinical Laboratory Test Project Reference Interval Formulation" , the reference interval of serum creatinine was established.@*Results@#There was statistically significant difference of serum creatinine in gender and age between healthy adults in this area (male group: 78[72-84]μmol/L, female group: 61[56-66]μmol/L; aged 20-59 of male group: 78[72-84]μmol/L, aged 60-79 of male group: 77[70-85]μmol/L; aged 20-59 of female group: 60[56-65]μmol/L, aged 60-79 of female group: 63[58-69]μmol/L) (Z=120.93, Z=31.53, Z=28.45; all P<0.05). Therefore, the reference interval of serum creatinine was established based on gender and age, and its reference interval was 61-97μmol/L (aged 20-59 of male), 60-106μmol/L (aged 60-79 of male), 47-76μmol/L (aged 20-59 of female) and 49-86μmol/L (aged 60-79 of female), respectively.@*Conclusion@#Establishment of reference interval in serum creatinine plays an important role in the auxiliary diagnosis, progression and prognosis evaluation of various kidney diseases.

Construction of Spine Biomechanical Test System Based on LabVIEW and Six-Axis Robot Arm and Preliminary Reliability Study / 医用生物力学

Objective To construct a new biomechanical testing system of in vitro spine based on LabVIEW and six-axis robot arm and conduct preliminary reliability studies, so as to make preparation for further studies on coupled motion testing. Methods By programming on LabVIEW platform, using Ethernet and Profibus to communicate the data of the robot arm with PC in real time, the displacement control and load control were realized, and the end position and rotation angle of the robot arm were read in real time. Through the force/torque sensor and data acquisition (DAQ), board DAQ, processing, storage and other functions were acquired. Using the digital micrometer and special stationary fixture, the 6-direction translation accuracy test was completed, and the data were analyzed. The flexion, extension, lateral flexion and rotation were applied on sheep spine specimen to draw the load-displacement curve, analyze and compare the experimental result, and verify the effectiveness of the biomechanical platform. Results A biomechanical test system with high precision for spine in vitro based on LabVIEW and 6-axis robot arm was developed and established, of which the average translational precision was 8.1 μm and the average translational accuracy was 56.7 μm. The program of control, data acquisition, data processing and storage were written, and the biomechanical test of the sheep spine was completed effectively. Conclusions This biomechanical test system based on Labview and 6-axis robot arm could complete the conventional three-dimensional spinal motion test with high precision and be used to conduct coupled motion test research in the next step.